Linear predictive coding - Linear predictive coding, or LPC, is a method used in speech analysis and coding that models a sample as a weighted combination of preceding samples.
Linear predictor function - A linear predictor function forms a score by adding weighted input features, usually with an intercept.
Linear probing - Linear probing is a collision-resolution method for a hash table stored in an array.
Linear programming - Linear programming is optimization of a linear objective subject to linear equality and inequality constraints.
Linear regression - Linear regression models a numerical outcome using a sum of explanatory features multiplied by coefficients, usually with an intercept.
Linear relationship - A linear relationship is one whose systematic pattern can be represented by a straight line on the stated measurement scales.
Linear resolution - Linear resolution is a strategy for organizing resolution proofs around a continuing chain of derived clauses.
Linear search - Linear search finds an item by checking entries one at a time until a match is found or the searchable collection is exhausted.
Linear search problem - The linear search problem studies how to find a target at an unknown location on a line when a searcher starts at a known point and does not know which...
Linear separability - Linear separability is the property that two classes of points can be separated perfectly by a linear decision boundary in the chosen feature space.
Linear separator - A linear separator is a decision boundary defined by a weighted sum of features plus an offset.
Linear shift-invariant (LSI) filter - A linear shift-invariant filter, or LSI filter, preserves superposition and responds the same way when an input pattern is shifted in space.
Linear temporal logic - Linear temporal logic, or LTL, is a formal language for describing how conditions should hold along a sequence of system states.
Linear transformation - In the supplied statistics glossary, a linear transformation changes a numerical variable by multiplying it by a constant and adding a constant: Y = a + bX.
Linear trend estimation - Linear trend estimation fits a straight-line change over time to observed data, commonly using a model such as Yt = a + bt + error.
Linearity of regression - Linearity of regression is the assumption that the systematic mean relationship is adequately represented by the specified linear form.
Linearly separable - Two labeled groups are linearly separable when a single linear decision boundary can place every member of one group on one side and every member of the...
Linguistic Linked Open Data - Linguistic Linked Open Data, or LLOD, is an approach and community movement for publishing and connecting language resources using linked-data principles...
Linguistic value - A linguistic value is a word or phrase used as a value of a linguistic variable, such as low, moderate or high for workload.
Link rot - Link rot is the loss of access to a resource through a previously useful web link, often because the resource has been removed, moved without a suitable...
Linkage constraints - Linkage constraints are restrictions imposed by the physical connections among the links and joints of a mechanism.
Linkage disequilibrium score regression - Linkage disequilibrium score regression, usually abbreviated LD Score regression or LDSC, is a method that relates genome-wide association statistics to...
Linked data - Linked data is an approach to publishing and connecting structured data using Web identifiers and explicit relationships.
Linking Bias - Linking bias describes systematic differences in the networks inferred from people's recorded connections, interactions or activity.
Lipschitz continuity - Lipschitz continuity is a bound on how quickly a function's output can change relative to its input.
Liquid event - A liquid event is an event type or temporal property that, when true throughout an interval, is also true throughout its subintervals.
Liquid State Machine Network - A liquid state machine network is a reservoir-computing architecture that transforms a time-varying input into changing internal activity, commonly in a...
List - A list is an ordered collection of elements. In programming, the exact operations and implementation depend on the language.
List sample - A list sample is a sample selected from an explicit list of units in the population being studied. The list acts as the sampling frame.
Literal - A literal, in logic, is an atomic formula or the negation of an atomic formula. P is a positive literal, and NOT P is a negative literal.
Literature-based discovery - Literature-based discovery is the use of published research to identify potentially new connections or hypotheses by bringing together findings that have...
Ljung-Box test - The Ljung-Box test is a statistical test that jointly assesses whether a set of autocorrelations, from lag one through a chosen maximum lag, is consistent...
LLM-as-a-judge - LLM-as-a-judge is an evaluation method in which a large language model assesses an answer, conversation, or other output using specified criteria.
LLM evaluations (evals) - LLM evaluations, often shortened to evals, are structured tests used to measure how a large language model or a system built around it performs.
LLM Temperature - LLM temperature is a generation setting that rescales a language model's next-token scores before sampling.
Local beam search - Local beam search is a local-search method that keeps several candidate states at once.
Local case-control sampling - Local case-control sampling is a subsampling method for fitting logistic regression to large datasets.
Local Community Detection - Local community detection identifies a group of related nodes around a chosen source node in a network.
Local consistency - Local consistency is a family of conditions used in constraint satisfaction to check whether assignments to small groups of variables can be extended...
Local costmap - A local costmap is a spatial representation of the area near a robot that assigns navigation costs to locations.
Local-first software - Local-first software gives the user's local copy of data a primary role, allowing useful work without depending on a remote server for each operation.
Local interpretable model-agnostic explanations - Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations, usually called LIME, is a method for explaining an individual model prediction by fitting a simpler...
Local Laplacian filters - Local Laplacian filters are edge-aware image-processing methods that construct an output Laplacian pyramid using locally centered nonlinear intensity...
Local level model - A local level model represents a time series as noisy observations of an underlying level that changes through a random walk.
Local linear trend model - A local linear trend model is a state-space time-series model with both a changing level and a changing slope.
Local model - In the supplied Aalto dictionary's federated-learning terminology, a local model is the hypothesis space assigned to a particular node of a learning network.
Local outlier factor - Local outlier factor, or LOF, is a method that scores how unusual an observation is relative to the density around its neighbors.