Read speech - Read speech is speech produced by reading a prepared text aloud. The wording is supplied in advance rather than composed entirely as the speaker talks.
Receptive field - A receptive field is the region of an input that can influence a particular feature or output unit in a neural network.
Reconstruction loss - Reconstruction loss measures how different a model's reconstructed output is from the target it is supposed to reproduce.
Recursive transition network - A recursive transition network, or RTN, represents grammatical rules as connected state diagrams that can call one another.
Reduced vowels - Reduced vowels are vowels pronounced with a less complete articulatory gesture than their full forms.
Reference point - A reference point is a temporal anchor used to interpret when an event occurs relative to a viewpoint in a sentence or discourse.
Referent - A referent is the person, object, event, or other entity that someone refers to through an expression in context.
Referential density - Referential density is the degree to which participants in discourse are expressed overtly rather than left unexpressed and recovered from context.
Referring expression generation - Referring expression generation is the task of producing language that helps a listener or reader identify an intended entity.
Reformulation - Reformulation is expressing an earlier message again in a different form.
Regular expression - A regular expression is a pattern notation used to describe and match sets of strings.
Relatedness - Relatedness is the degree to which words, concepts, or other items are meaningfully connected.
Relation extraction - Relation extraction is the task of identifying semantic relationships between entities mentioned in text and representing those relationships in a...
Relative frequency - Relative frequency is the number of times an outcome occurs divided by the total number of relevant observations.
Relevance - Relevance is the property of bearing on a particular question, task, or choice of action.
Reporting events - Reporting events are acts of communicating information, such as saying, stating, or reporting something.
Residual stream - The residual stream is the sequence of vector representations passed through a transformer's residual connections.
Rhetorical structure theory - Rhetorical structure theory, or RST, is a framework for describing how parts of a text contribute to its overall organization and coherence.
Role-filler extraction - Role-filler extraction identifies the text spans or entities that occupy specified roles in an event or situation.
Round-trip translation - Round-trip translation translates text from one language into another and then translates the result back into the original language.
Rounded vowels - Rounded vowels are vowel sounds produced with lip rounding as part of their articulation.
RST - RST stands for Rhetorical Structure Theory, a framework for describing how parts of a text relate to one another.
Rule-based machine translation - Rule-based machine translation, or RBMT, translates text using explicit linguistic resources such as dictionaries, grammatical descriptions, and...
RVQ - RVQ stands for residual vector quantization, a method that approximates a vector through successive codebook selections.
Sampled softmax - Sampled softmax is a training method that approximates a large softmax classification problem using the true target classes and a sampled subset of...
Sayre's paradox - Sayre's paradox describes a circular difficulty in handwriting recognition: identifying characters can require knowing where their boundaries are, while...
Scaling laws - Scaling laws are empirical relationships describing how a model's measured performance changes as resources such as model size, training data, or...
Schwa - Schwa is the vowel represented by [ə] in the International Phonetic Alphabet.
Seed pattern in IE - A seed pattern in information extraction (IE) is an initial rule or template used to find examples of a target relation or category in text.
Seed tuples - Seed tuples are a small initial set of example records used to start an information-extraction or learning process.
Selectional restriction - A selectional restriction is a semantic constraint that a particular predicate sense places on an argument, such as the kind of thing that can fill its...
Semantic algorithm - A semantic algorithm is a broad descriptive label for a computational procedure that uses representations of meaning to perform a task.
Semantic analysis (computational) - Semantic analysis in computational language processing is the use of computational methods to represent and interpret meaning in language.
Semantic analytics - Semantic analytics uses representations of meaning, concepts, and relationships to analyze information.
Semantic compression - Semantic compression reduces a representation while aiming to retain meaning relevant to an intended task.
Semantic drift in IE - Semantic drift in information extraction is the progressive movement of an iterative extractor away from its intended relation or semantic category.
Semantic field - A semantic field is a group of words or word senses that collectively describe an area of meaning and have meaningful relationships within it.
Semantic interpretation - Semantic interpretation is the process of turning a natural-language utterance into a representation of its meaning that a computer system can use.
Semantic neural network - A semantic neural network is a research-specific network model that connects representations of meaning with neuron-like processing.
Semantic parsing - Semantic parsing is the task of converting a natural-language utterance into a formal representation of its meaning.
Semantic role - A semantic role describes how a participant or circumstance relates to a predicate's event or situation.
Semantic role labeling - Semantic role labeling, or SRL, is the task of identifying a predicate's arguments and assigning labels that describe their roles in the event or situation.
Semantic similarity - Semantic similarity is the degree to which two words, phrases, sentences, or other representations resemble one another in meaning.
Semantic space - A semantic space is a representation in which words, texts, or concepts occupy positions intended to reflect aspects of meaning.
Semantometrics - Semantometrics is an approach to research evaluation that uses the semantic content of scholarly publications, often together with their relationships in...
Semivowel - A semivowel is a vowel-like speech sound that functions outside the syllable nucleus, commonly called a glide.