Brownout (software engineering) - In software engineering, a brownout is a deliberate, controlled reduction of optional application functionality to reduce resource demand while preserving...
Bulk synchronous parallel - Bulk synchronous parallel, or BSP, is a model for organizing parallel computation into a sequence of coordinated supersteps.
Burst buffer - A burst buffer is a fast intermediate storage layer that temporarily absorbs intensive input or output activity before data moves to or from longer-term...
Business analytics - Business analytics is the use of data, analytical methods and business context to understand performance and support decisions.
Business rule management system - A business rule management system, or BRMS, is software for defining, organizing, testing, deploying and maintaining the rules used to make operational...
Butterfly network - A butterfly network is a structured interconnection network that routes information through a sequence of stages using a repeating pattern of straight and...
Cache coherence - Cache coherence is the coordination that keeps cached copies of shared memory locations consistent with the system's rules for reads and writes.
Cache-only memory architecture - Cache-only memory architecture, or COMA, is a shared-memory multiprocessor organization in which each node's main-memory capacity acts as a large cache of...
Cache stampede - A cache stampede occurs when many requests encounter the same missing or expired cached value and independently try to fetch or recompute it.
Candidate key - A candidate key is a minimal set of attributes that uniquely identifies a row in a relational data model.
CAP theorem - The CAP theorem identifies a limit of distributed shared-data systems: when communication between parts of the system can fail, a service cannot guarantee...
Cardinality (data modeling) - In data modeling, cardinality describes how many instances of one entity may or must be associated with an instance of another.
Carrier cloud - A carrier cloud is cloud infrastructure or a cloud service associated with a telecommunications operator, often integrating computing and storage with the...
Cartesian Product - The Cartesian product combines every element of one set with every element of another to form ordered pairs.
Catalog server - A catalog server, in the network information-discovery sense used here, maintains searchable descriptions or indexes of resources so users can find material...
Cellular architecture - In parallel-computer architecture, a cellular architecture builds a system from many cooperating computational units, or cells.
Centralized computing - Centralized computing is an arrangement in which a main system or centrally managed computing environment performs a substantial share of processing and...
Certain answer - A certain answer is a query result that holds in every admissible interpretation or completion of an incomplete database.
Chaining (vector processing) - Chaining in vector processing lets a dependent vector operation begin using individual results from an earlier operation before the entire earlier vector is...
Chomsky normal form - Chomsky normal form is a restricted form of a context-free grammar in which rules expand one nonterminal into either two nonterminals or one terminal.
Chow - Liu tree - A Chow - Liu tree is a tree-structured probability model that approximates a joint distribution using relationships between pairs of variables.
Chunked transfer encoding - Chunked transfer encoding is an HTTP/1.1 message-framing mechanism that sends a message body as a sequence of length-prefixed chunks.
CICD or CI/CD - CI/CD means continuous integration combined with continuous delivery or continuous deployment.
Client-Server Architecture - Client-server architecture organizes software into components that request services and components that provide them.
Client-side persistent data - Client-side persistent data are information saved on a user's device so that an application can use them beyond the current in-memory session.
Cloud analytics - Cloud analytics is the use of cloud-based computing and data services to examine data and produce insights, reports or analytical models.
Cloud-based integration - Cloud-based integration connects applications, data and processes using capabilities hosted in a cloud environment.
Cloud computing architecture - Cloud computing architecture is the arrangement of components, responsibilities and connections that delivers a cloud-based system.
Cloud computing security - Cloud computing security is the protection of cloud-hosted systems, data and services against unauthorized access, misuse, disruption and unintended exposure.
Cloud database - A cloud database is a database deployed using cloud computing resources.
Cloud-native computing - Cloud-native computing is an approach to building and operating systems that takes advantage of automated, dynamic computing environments.
Cloud testing - Cloud testing is the use of cloud resources to support software testing, or the testing of systems deployed in cloud environments.
Cloudlet - A cloudlet is a small-scale computing environment placed near mobile devices or other data sources so it can provide nearby processing and storage.
Cluster hypothesis - The cluster hypothesis in information retrieval is the idea that documents that are closely associated tend to be relevant to the same information needs.
Clustered file system - A clustered file system allows multiple computers in a coordinated cluster to access a shared file-system namespace while managing concurrent access and...
Coalescence Rule - The coalescence rule is a database dependency inference rule that combines a multivalued dependency with a suitably related functional dependency to...
Codd's 12 rules - Codd's 12 rules are criteria proposed by relational-database pioneer Edgar F.
Cognitive map - A cognitive map is an internal representation of relationships in an environment that helps a person or animal orient, reason or plan.
Collective operation - A collective operation is a communication operation involving a defined group of processes in a parallel program.
Commit (data management) - In data management, a commit is the successful completion of a transaction that makes its changes part of the database's accepted state under the system's...
Commitment ordering - Commitment ordering is a concurrency-control property that aligns transaction commit order with the order imposed by conflicting operations.
Common data model - A common data model is an agreed way to describe shared entities, attributes, relationships and meanings across systems.
Compiled Query - A compiled query is a database query translated into a form that a particular system can execute.
Complementation Rule - The complementation rule is an inference rule for multivalued dependencies in relational databases.
Complete Join - In the terminology used by this glossary's source list, a complete join is a natural join in which every input tuple from both relations participates in at...
Composite index (database) - A composite index is a database index whose search key contains more than one column or expression.