Time Series Forecasting - Time series forecasting estimates future values of a quantity from information available at a specified time.
Time series model - A time series model is a mathematical representation of how observations indexed by time relate to past observations, disturbances, latent states or other...
Time-series segmentation - Time-series segmentation divides an ordered sequence into contiguous intervals that are relatively coherent under a chosen criterion.
Time to answer - Time to answer is the elapsed time a user needs to obtain a satisfactory answer to an information need.
Time travel (for features) - Time travel for features is the ability to retrieve historical versions of model-input values.
Time-varying covariate - A time-varying covariate is a predictor whose value can change during the period being analyzed.
Time Warp Edit Distance - Time Warp Edit Distance, abbreviated TWED or TWE, is an elastic distance for comparing time series through a minimum-cost sequence of matching and editing...
Timestep - A timestep is one position in a sequential calculation.
Tit-for-tat - Tit-for-tat is a strategy for a repeated two-player interaction: cooperate on the first round, then copy the other player's action from the preceding round.
Toeplitz matrix - A Toeplitz matrix is a matrix whose entries stay constant along each diagonal running from the upper left toward the lower right.
Token - A token is a unit of information that an AI model processes.
Token-mixing - Token-mixing is the exchange or combination of information across token positions inside a neural network.
Tokenization - Tokenization is the process of turning text into smaller units called tokens so a language-processing system can work with it.
Tokenizer - A tokenizer is the component that converts text into the token units and numerical identifiers expected by a language-processing system.
Tolerance - Tolerance is a regression diagnostic that measures how much of one predictor's variation remains unexplained by the other predictors in the model.
Tone curve - A tone curve is a mapping from input image values to output values, used to adjust brightness and contrast across different tonal ranges.
Tone mapping - Tone mapping transforms image brightness values to suit a display or output medium, especially when the captured or rendered scene has a wider dynamic range...
Top-down design - Top-down design is a design approach that begins with broad goals and major concepts, then progressively refines them into more detailed structures and...
Top-k accuracy - Top-k accuracy is the proportion of evaluated examples for which the target label appears among the k highest-ranked predictions.
Top-k sampling - Top-k sampling is a text-generation method that limits each next-token draw to the k highest-scoring candidate tokens.
Top-p sampling - Top-p sampling, also called nucleus sampling, generates text by sampling from the smallest leading set of next-token candidates whose cumulative probability...
Topic-specific PageRank - Topic-specific PageRank is a PageRank distribution biased toward a chosen topic by changing where the modeled random surfer teleports.
Topological data analysis - Topological data analysis, or TDA, uses mathematical ideas about shape and connectivity to study data.
Topological deep learning - Topological deep learning develops neural models that use structured relationships described by topological or higher-order mathematical objects.
Topological sort - A topological sort is an ordering of every vertex in a directed acyclic graph such that each directed edge goes from an earlier vertex to a later one.
Torus interconnect - A torus interconnect is a network topology in which nodes are arranged along multiple coordinate dimensions with connections that wrap around each dimension.
Total correlation - Total correlation measures statistical dependence among several random variables by comparing the sum of their individual entropies with their joint entropy.
Total functions - Total functions assign exactly one output to every input in their stated domain.
Total operating characteristic - The total operating characteristic, or TOC, is a curve for evaluating how a ranked score distinguishes a binary reference outcome across thresholds.
Total Turing Test - The total Turing Test is an expanded behavioral test that includes perceptual and physical interaction as well as conversation.
Total variation - Total variation measures accumulated change across a specified structure.
Total Variation Distance (Tvd) - Total variation distance, usually abbreviated TVD or TV, measures how different two probability distributions are.
Totally Random Trees Embedding - Totally random trees embedding is an unsupervised method that represents an input by the leaves it reaches in a collection of randomly constructed trees.
Tournament - A tournament is a directed graph with exactly one directed edge between each pair of distinct vertices.
Tower - A tower is a substantial neural-network component within a larger neural network.
Toxicity - In AI evaluation, toxicity refers to abusive, threatening, insulting or otherwise harmful conversational content as defined by a particular assessment scheme.
Toxicity detection - Toxicity detection is the use of computational methods to identify language that meets a defined criterion for harmful, abusive, disrespectful, or...
Trace - The trace of a square matrix is the sum of its main-diagonal entries, written tr(A). Those entries run from the upper-left corner to the lower-right corner.
Traceability - Traceability is the ability to follow relevant connections between an AI system's inputs, data, processes, versions, outputs, and decisions through recorded...
Tracking signal - A tracking signal is a forecast-monitoring statistic highlighting persistent errors that may indicate bias or a changed forecasting environment.
Tractability - Tractability describes whether a computational problem can be solved with manageable resources.
Tragedy of the commons - The tragedy of the commons is a collective-action problem in which individually attractive use of a shared, limited resource can produce excessive use and a...
Trail - A trail is a record of reversible changes made during a search or computation, used to restore an earlier state when backtracking.
Train/validation/test split - A train/validation/test split divides a dataset into parts with different roles: training fits a model, validation guides development choices, and testing...
Trained model - A trained model is the result of model training: a model whose adjustable state has been fitted using a training process.
Training - Training is the process of adjusting a machine-learning model using data or experience.
Training curve - A training curve plots a model's measured performance against progress through training, such as optimization steps or epochs.
Training error - Training error is a model's measured loss on the examples used to fit it.