Remez algorithm - The Remez algorithm is an iterative method for finding an approximation whose largest absolute error over a specified interval is as small as possible.
Remosaic - Remosaic is a sensor-processing operation that converts data from one color-filter-array arrangement into another mosaic representation, often from grouped...
Remote photoplethysmography - Remote photoplethysmography, often abbreviated rPPG, estimates a blood-volume-related pulse signal from subtle changes in light recorded by a camera...
Remote procedure call - A remote procedure call (RPC) is a way for a program to request execution of an operation in another process, often on another computer, through an...
Renaming - Renaming is the consistent replacement of variable names while preserving the relationships and scope that give an expression its meaning.
Rendering - Rendering is the process of producing an image from a description of a scene.
Rendering model - A rendering model describes how a scene and viewing conditions produce an image.
Rényi divergence - Rényi divergence is a family of measures for comparing two probability distributions, indexed by an order parameter α.
Rényi entropy - Rényi entropy is a family of measures of uncertainty or diversity in a probability distribution, controlled by an order parameter usually written α.
Reparameterization trick - The reparameterization trick rewrites a random sample as a deterministic function of model parameters and parameter-independent noise.
Repeatability - Repeatability is the closeness of agreement among repeated measurement results obtained under the same specified measurement conditions.
Repeated game - A repeated game is a game-theoretic model in which the same stage game is played more than once by the participants.
Repeated measures design - A repeated measures design obtains multiple observations from the same experimental units or participants, often across time or under several conditions.
Repeated state - A repeated state is a state that a search procedure encounters more than once, usually through different paths or by returning through a cycle.
Repeated survey - A repeated survey is a sample survey conducted on more than one occasion using essentially the same questionnaire or schedule.
Repeatedmeasures designs - Repeated-measures designs collect several responses from each unit, such as measurements of the same participant across conditions or observations of the...
Replacing eligibility trace - A replacing eligibility trace is a short-term credit-assignment record that is reset to a fixed active value, usually one, whenever its state or feature is...
Replay buffer - A replay buffer is a memory of past experiences that a reinforcement learning agent stores and re-practices on, so each hard-won lesson is learned from many...
Replica - A replica is an identical running copy of a model or service, deployed alongside others so the system can serve more requests at once and survive the...
Replicate - To replicate is to repeat an experiment or study so that its result can be examined again.
Replication (statistics) - Replication in statistics is the repetition of experimental conditions across appropriate units or runs to obtain information about variability and effects.
Reporting bias - Reporting bias is a systematic difference between what people record or describe and what actually occurs in the world.
Reporting events - Reporting events are acts of communicating information, such as saying, stating, or reporting something.
Representation - A representation is the form in which data is presented to a model: the encoding of a customer, an image or a sentence as numbers the algorithm can work...
Representation Bias - Representation bias occurs when the data used to develop or evaluate a system inadequately represent the population or conditions to which the system is...
Representation collapse - Representation collapse occurs when a learned representation loses distinctions needed to describe its inputs.
Representation learning - Representation learning is the process of learning useful ways to encode data from examples, rather than relying entirely on manually designed features.
Representational frame problem - The representational frame problem is the difficulty of compactly describing what remains unchanged when an action occurs.
Representational harm - Representational harm is harm arising from how an AI system depicts, describes, categorizes, or makes people and social groups visible.
Representational similarity analysis - Representational similarity analysis compares how different systems distinguish the same set of items or conditions.
Reproducing kernel Hilbert space - A reproducing kernel Hilbert space, usually abbreviated RKHS, is a space of functions with an inner product in which evaluating a function at a point is a...
Resampling - Resampling is the repeated construction of samples or data partitions from available data to investigate statistical variability, evaluate models, or...
Research data archiving - Research data archiving is the managed preservation of research data and the information needed to understand and reuse them over time.
Research hypothesis - A research hypothesis is a specific, testable proposition about a population, relationship or effect that a study is designed to investigate.
Resentful demoralization - Resentful demoralization is a possible reaction in an experiment or intervention study in which participants who perceive their assigned condition as less...
Reservoir computing - Reservoir computing is an approach to processing time-dependent information in which an input drives a dynamical system, called a reservoir, and a readout...
Residence time (statistics) - In the statistical sense used here, residence time is the expected duration before a stochastic process first reaches or exits a specified boundary...
Residual - A residual is the part of an observed value left unexplained by a fitted statistical model.
Residual flow - A residual flow is a normalizing-flow model built from invertible residual transformations of the form f(x) = x + g(x).
Residual-gradient reinforcement learning - Residual-gradient reinforcement learning updates a value approximator by differentiating a squared Bellman-style residual through both the current...
Residual Neural Network - A residual neural network is a neural network built with blocks that add a learned transformation to a shortcut transformation of the block's input.
Residual stream - The residual stream is the sequence of vector representations passed through a transformer's residual connections.
Residual variance - Residual variance describes variation remaining around a model's fitted values.
Resilience - Resilience is the capacity of a system and its supporting organization to prepare for disruption, withstand or limit its effects, recover useful operation...
Resistance - Resistance is the degree to which a statistical estimate is insensitive to a small number of unusual or substantially changed observations.
Resolution - Resolution is a logical inference rule that combines clauses containing complementary literals to derive a new clause.
Resolution closure - The resolution closure of a clause set is the collection containing its starting clauses and every clause obtainable by repeatedly applying resolution to...
Resolvent - A resolvent is the clause produced by applying a resolution inference step to two parent clauses.