Lexical resource - A lexical resource is an organized source of information about words and lexical expressions.
Lexical substitution - Lexical substitution is the task of finding a replacement word or expression for a target word in context while preserving the intended meaning.
Lexicalized PCFG - A lexicalized PCFG is a probabilistic context-free grammar whose syntactic categories or rule probabilities incorporate lexical head information, often...
Lexico-syntactic pattern - A lexico-syntactic pattern is a template that combines particular words with grammatical structure to identify a recurring linguistic configuration.
Lexicographic breadth-first search - Lexicographic breadth-first search, or LexBFS, is a graph traversal that orders vertices using lexicographic labels based on previously visited neighbors.
Lexicographic max-min optimization - Lexicographic max-min optimization chooses a feasible outcome by first maximizing its smallest benefit, then its second-smallest benefit without worsening...
Lexicographic optimization - Lexicographic optimization handles several objectives in a fixed priority order.
Lexicon - A lexicon is a collection of words or other lexical units together with information about them.
Library classification - Library classification is the systematic arrangement of library materials into subject-based classes using an established scheme.
Life table - A life table summarizes survival and mortality across successive ages or time intervals.
Life-time of correlation - In the source-specific stock-market study, life-time of correlation is the duration for which a rolling-window correlation coefficient remains continuously...
Lifelong Planning A* - Lifelong Planning A*, usually written LPA*, is an incremental shortest-path search algorithm that reuses information from earlier searches when a graph's...
LIFO queue - A LIFO queue is a collection in which the most recently added item is the next one removed. LIFO means last in, first out.
Lift - Lift is a ratio that compares an observed or model-selected outcome with a stated baseline.
Lift curve - A lift curve shows how effectively a model concentrates positive cases compared with random selection as the selected fraction of a dataset changes.
Lifting lemma - The lifting lemma is a result in automated reasoning that connects resolution on ground clauses with resolution on general first-order clauses.
Light field - A light field describes light traveling through space as a function of position and direction.
Light transport - Light transport describes how light moves through a scene and interacts with surfaces and media before reaching a sensor or observer.
Light verbs - Light verbs are verbs that contribute relatively little of a construction's specific event meaning, while another expression, often a noun, supplies much of...
Lightweight ontology - A lightweight ontology is a relatively simple, explicit model of a domain's concepts and relationships, using limited formal detail compared with a more...
Likelihood - Likelihood is the support a statistical model assigns to the observed data as its parameters or specified hypotheses vary.
Likelihood function - A likelihood function is the joint probability mass or density of observed data, treated as a function of unknown model parameters while the data are held...
Likelihood ratio chi- square - Likelihood ratio chi-square is a statistic that compares the maximum likelihood under a restricted model with the maximum likelihood under a larger, nested...
Likelihood tempering - Likelihood tempering changes the influence of observed data by raising the likelihood to a power before combining it with the prior.
Likelihood weighting - Likelihood weighting is an importance-sampling method for approximate inference in a Bayesian network.
Likert scale - A Likert scale is a measurement approach that combines responses to multiple statements intended to assess an attitude or related construct, commonly using...
Limited dependent variable - A limited dependent variable is an outcome whose possible or observed values are restricted in a way that matters for statistical modeling.
Limited Memory AI - Limited memory AI is an informal category used to describe AI systems that use past information, learned patterns or recent observations when producing an...
Limited rationality - Limited rationality is decision-making that accounts for limits on time, information, memory, or computation.
Linda-like systems - Linda-like systems coordinate concurrent processes through a shared tuple space inspired by the Linda model.
Linde - Buzo - Gray algorithm - The Linde - Buzo - Gray algorithm, or LBG algorithm, is an iterative method for designing a vector quantizer.
Lindley's paradox - Lindley's paradox is a disagreement that can arise between a conventional significance test and a Bayesian comparison of a point-null hypothesis with an...
Line chart - A line chart displays values as points connected in an ordered sequence, commonly to show change over time.
Line intersection - Line intersection is the geometric relationship in which two lines share one or more points.
Line sampling - Line sampling is a geographical sampling approach in which selected lines determine where observations are made or which objects are included.
Line search - Line search is an optimization procedure that chooses how far to move from a current point along a selected direction.
Line spectral pairs - Line spectral pairs, or LSPs, are a representation of the parameters of a linear prediction filter, widely associated with speech coding.
Linear - Linear describes a relationship that follows a straight line: double the input and you double the output's contribution, with no curves, thresholds or...
Linear chain CRF - A linear chain CRF is a conditional random field that assigns probabilities to sequences of labels using a chain of dependencies between neighboring label...
Linear classifier - A linear classifier assigns categories using linear or affine scores of the input features.
Linear constraints - Linear constraints are equalities or inequalities in which decision variables appear only in weighted sums with fixed coefficients.
Linear discriminant analysis - Linear discriminant analysis, or LDA, is a supervised method used for classification and for finding linear projections that separate known classes.
Linear Dynamical System - A Linear Dynamical System is a model for a hidden state that evolves smoothly over time, with the next state a linear function of the current one plus...
Linear filter - A linear filter transforms a signal or image while preserving superposition: filtering a weighted sum of inputs gives the same result as taking the...
Linear hashing - Linear hashing is a dynamic hashing method that expands a table or file by splitting buckets in a predetermined sequence.
Linear interpolation - Linear interpolation estimates a value between two known samples by following the straight line that connects them.
Linear interpolation smoothing - Linear interpolation smoothing combines two or more probability distributions using nonnegative weights that sum to one.