F 1 - F1, sometimes written F 1 or F1 score, combines precision and recall through their harmonic mean.
F distribution - The F distribution is a continuous probability distribution obtained by taking the ratio of two independent chi-square random variables, each divided by its...
f-divergence - An f-divergence is a measure of difference between probability distributions generated by a chosen convex function f.
F-logic - F-logic, short for Frame Logic, is a formalism for representing and reasoning about objects, their properties, class membership and class relationships.
F-measure - F-measure is a family of evaluation scores that combine precision and recall into one number. The best-known member, F1, is their harmonic mean.
F-test of equality of variances - The F-test of equality of variances is a classical hypothesis test comparing the population variances underlying two independent normal samples.
Fabric computing - Fabric computing is an infrastructure approach that connects computing resources through a shared interconnection fabric and manages them as a coordinated...
Face-to-face survey - A face-to-face survey collects responses through an interviewer and respondent meeting in person.
Facet theory - Facet theory is an approach to research design and theory development that organizes a subject into explicitly defined facets and examines how those...
Faceted classification - Faceted classification organizes information through several distinct characteristics, called facets, that can be combined to describe or retrieve an item.
Faceted search - Faceted search is a search approach that lets users narrow results through several organized attributes, called facets.
Facial age estimation - Facial age estimation uses an algorithm to predict a person's age or age range from a face image.
Facial recognition - Facial recognition is the automated comparison of facial information to help verify or identify a person.
Fact - A fact, in a symbolic knowledge system, is an assertion treated as true for the purposes of reasoning.
Fact table - A fact table is a table in a dimensional data model that records measurable business events, observations or relationships at a defined level of detail.
Factoid questions - Factoid questions seek a specific factual answer that can usually be expressed briefly, such as a person’s name, a place, a date, or a quantity.
Factor - A factor, in probabilistic graphical-model inference, is a function that assigns a numerical value to each combination of values of some variables.
Factor analysis - Factor analysis is a family of statistical methods that models relationships among observed variables using a smaller set of unobserved factors and...
Factor graph - A factor graph represents how a function of several variables can be written as a product of smaller functions called factors.
Factor level - A factor level is a particular value or category of an input variable studied in an experiment. If temperature is a factor, 60°C and 80°C can be two levels.
Factor range - Factor range is the difference between the highest and lowest values of a quantitative factor used in an experimental design.
Factored frontier - Factored frontier is an approximate inference algorithm for dynamic Bayesian networks.
Factored Language Model - A Factored Language Model represents a word or token through several associated factors, such as its surface form, stem, grammatical category, or learned...
Factored representation - A factored representation describes a state using a set of variables or features and their values.
Factorial design - A factorial design is an experimental arrangement that studies two or more factors together by combining their levels.
Factorial HMM - A factorial hidden Markov model, or factorial HMM, represents a time-varying hidden state as several component state variables rather than one categorical...
Factoring - Factoring, in automated logical reasoning, is an inference rule that combines literals of the same sign within one clause when a substitution makes them...
Factuality - Factuality is the extent to which factual claims in an AI response are accurate about the world, within the relevant time, scope, and context.
Fail-stop - Fail-stop describes a failure behavior in which a component halts instead of continuing to produce externally visible erroneous results.
Failure bias - Failure bias is an informal label for drawing general conclusions from visible failures while overlooking relevant successes or other cases that did not fail.
Failure detector - A failure detector is a mechanism that provides information about whether components in a distributed system may have failed.
Failure rate - Failure rate, in lifetime analysis, is the instantaneous rate at which units fail conditional on having survived to a given time.
Failure transparency - Failure transparency is the extent to which a system hides component failures and recovery details from its users or applications while preserving the...
FAIR data - FAIR data is data managed according to principles intended to make it Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.
FAIR principles - FAIR principles are guidelines for making digital resources Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable.
Fairness metric - A fairness metric is a quantitative measure used to examine whether an AI system meets a specified fairness criterion.
False discovery rate - The false discovery rate, or FDR, is the expected proportion of rejected null hypotheses that are actually true.
False negative - A false negative occurs when a classifier predicts the negative class for a case whose reference label is positive. It is a missed positive case.
False negative rate - False negative rate is the proportion of actual positive cases that a binary classifier incorrectly labels negative.
False positive - A false positive occurs when a classifier predicts the positive class for a case whose reference label is negative.
False positive rate - False positive rate is the proportion of actual negative cases that a binary classifier incorrectly labels positive.
False precision - False precision occurs when a numerical statement appears more finely determined than the supporting evidence justifies.
Familywise error rate - Familywise error rate, or FWER, is the probability of rejecting at least one true null hypothesis within a specified family of hypothesis tests.
Fan chart (time series) - A fan chart is a time-series visualization that displays a central forecast together with nested probability bands for future outcomes.
Farthest-first traversal - Farthest-first traversal orders points by repeatedly selecting the point whose distance to its nearest previously selected point is greatest.
Fast decay - Fast decay describes a quantity decreasing quickly over a specified sequence of steps or period of time.
Fast Fourier transform - A fast Fourier transform, or FFT, is an algorithm for computing a discrete Fourier transform efficiently.