Cross-entropy method - The cross-entropy method is a sampling-based approach to optimization and rare-event estimation.
Cross-fitting - Cross-fitting is a validation technique where predictions for every data point are made by a model that never saw that point in training, giving honest...
Cross-industry standard process for data mining - The Cross-Industry Standard Process for Data Mining, usually abbreviated CRISP-DM, is a process model for organizing data-mining projects.
Cross / joint bilateral filter - A cross or joint bilateral filter averages values from a target image using weights determined by spatial distance and similarity in a separate guide image.
Cross-language information retrieval - Definition: Cross-language information retrieval, or CLIR, searches for relevant information written in a language different from the query language.
Cross-sectional data - Cross-sectional data describe multiple units, such as people, businesses or images, through observations treated as a single snapshot rather than as...
Cross-sectional regression - Cross-sectional regression models relationships between an outcome and explanatory variables across different units observed for a common point or period in...
Cross-validation - Cross-validation evaluates a learning procedure by repeatedly fitting it on one part of a dataset and assessing it on a separate part.
Crossover point - A crossover point is a position in a candidate solution's representation where a crossover operation switches from material inherited from one parent to...
Crossover study - A crossover study compares interventions by having the same participants receive different interventions during successive periods.
Crout matrix decomposition - Crout matrix decomposition is an LU factorization convention in which a matrix is expressed as a lower-triangular factor L times an upper-triangular factor...
Crowdsource - To crowdsource is to invite contributions from a distributed group of people to complete a task, supply information or solve a problem.
Crypto-shredding - Crypto-shredding is the practice of making encrypted data inaccessible by irrecoverably eliminating the key material needed to decrypt it.
Cryptographic splitting - Cryptographic splitting is a broad label for dividing protected data or secret material into separately held parts using a cryptographic design.
Cubic B-spline - A cubic B-spline uses piecewise polynomials of degree three as locally supported basis functions.
Cuboid (computer vision) - In the behavior-recognition literature, a cuboid is a small volume of video data spanning two image dimensions and a short interval of time.
Cuckoo hashing - Cuckoo hashing is a hash-table technique that gives each key a small number of possible storage locations.
Cumulative distribution - A cumulative distribution describes how probability accumulates up to each value of a variable.
Cumulative distribution function - The cumulative distribution function, or CDF, of a real-valued random variable X is F(x) = P(X <= x).
Cumulative forecasting - Cumulative forecasting predicts the total amount of a variable over several future periods.
Cumulative incidence - Cumulative incidence is the probability that a specified event has occurred by a particular time.
CUR matrix approximation - CUR matrix approximation represents a data matrix using selected columns C, selected rows R and a connecting matrix U, so that A is approximately CUR.
Current Flow Betweenness - Current-flow betweenness is a graph centrality measure that scores a vertex by how much modeled electrical flow passes through it between other pairs of...
Current Flow Closeness - Current-flow closeness is a centrality measure based on effective resistance between vertices in an electrical-network model of a graph.
Curriculum Learning - Curriculum learning is a training strategy that deliberately changes the examples or tasks presented to a model over time, often beginning with easier...
Curse of dimensionality - The curse of dimensionality describes difficulties that can arise as the number of dimensions in a problem increases.
Curse of horizon in off-policy evaluation - The curse of horizon in off-policy evaluation refers to the difficulty of estimating a policy's performance from another policy's data as decision sequences...
Curve fitting - Curve fitting is the process of choosing parameters of a mathematical function so that the function approximates observed data according to a stated criterion.
Curve-fitting compaction - Curve-fitting compaction represents a sequence or curve using a mathematical expression and its parameters instead of storing every original point.
Curvilinear relationship - A curvilinear relationship is a relationship between variables that is better represented by a curve than by a straight line on the chosen measurement scales.
Cusum chart - A CUSUM chart, short for cumulative sum control chart, monitors a process by accumulating evidence of departures from a reference level.
Cut detection - Cut detection identifies abrupt shot transitions in a video, where one shot is replaced by another between successive frames.
Cut-off sampling - Cut-off sampling is a sampling procedure that deliberately excludes part of a target population from possible selection using a threshold or related...
Cutoff test - A cutoff test is a condition that tells a search algorithm to stop expanding a state before the complete underlying problem has necessarily ended.
Cutset conditioning - Cutset conditioning is a method for solving a constraint problem by trying assignments to a selected set of variables whose removal leaves an acyclic...
Cutting-plane method - A cutting-plane method progressively narrows an optimization search by adding valid linear inequalities called cuts.
Cuzick - Edwards test - The Cuzick - Edwards test is a statistical test for spatial clustering of cases relative to a comparison population represented by controls.
Cyber kill chain - The Cyber Kill Chain is a framework associated with Lockheed Martin for analyzing an intrusion as a sequence of stages and identifying opportunities to...
Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is the management of risks to digital systems, services and information from unauthorized access, disruption, misuse or other harmful activity.
Cycle - A cycle is a route through a graph that returns to its starting vertex. In a simple cycle, no other vertex is repeated.
Cycle cutset - A cycle cutset is a set of vertices whose removal leaves a graph without cycles.
Cyclic solution - A cyclic solution is a plan or policy that can return to an earlier state or decision point and repeat actions.
Cyclical effect - A cyclical effect is a recurring rise and fall in a time series.
Cyclodisparity - Cyclodisparity is a difference in rotational orientation between the images presented to the two eyes, measured about the line of sight.
CYK algorithm - The CYK algorithm, named for Cocke, Younger and Kasami, is a dynamic programming method for recognizing and parsing strings with a context-free grammar.