Metonymy - Metonymy is the use of an expression to refer to something associated with its usual referent.
Minimal recursion semantics - Minimal Recursion Semantics, or MRS, is a framework for representing sentence meaning using elementary predications connected by variables and scope...
Modal verb - A modal verb is a verb, commonly an auxiliary in English, that expresses meanings such as possibility, necessity, ability, permission, or obligation...
Morpheme - A morpheme is a minimal unit of linguistic meaning or grammatical function.
Morphological dictionary - A morphological dictionary is a lexical resource that connects word forms with morphological analyses, such as a lemma and grammatical features.
Morphological pattern - A morphological pattern is a recurring way in which word forms are built or related.
Morphological typology - Morphological typology compares languages and constructions according to how words are structured and how grammatical information is expressed.
Morphology - Morphology is the study of word structure and the systematic relationships between word forms.
Mu-law - Mu-law, written μ-law, is a nonlinear companding method used to represent audio amplitudes with relatively fine resolution near zero and coarser resolution...
MUC F-measure - MUC F-measure is a coreference evaluation score that combines MUC precision and recall.
Multi-document summarization - Multi-document summarization is the task of producing a concise account from information in several source documents.
Multilingual notation - Multilingual notation, in the lexical-resource sense used here, is a way of representing correspondences among lexical information in different languages.
Multiword expressions - Multiword expressions are combinations of words with conventional lexical, grammatical, or meaning properties that require treatment beyond an unrestricted...
n-best list - An n-best list is a ranked collection of up to n candidate outputs retained by a system, such as alternative speech transcripts or translations.
Naive semantics - Naive semantics is an approach to lexical meaning that associates word senses with everyday conceptual knowledge about the objects or events they describe.
Named entity recognition - Named entity recognition, or NER, identifies spans of text that belong to specified entity categories and assigns a type to each span.
Nasal sound - A nasal sound is a speech sound produced with airflow through the nasal cavity because the velum, or soft palate, is lowered.
Nats - Nats are units of information obtained when information-theoretic quantities use natural logarithms, whose base is e.
Natural language - A natural language is a human language that develops through use within a community, such as Arabic, English, or American Sign Language.
Natural language programming - Natural language programming is the use of human-language descriptions to specify computational behavior that a system turns into an executable program or...
Natural-language user interface - A natural-language user interface lets people interact with software using human-language expressions, such as typed questions or spoken requests.
NER model - The NER model is a framework for assessing the accuracy of live subtitles, particularly subtitles produced through respeaking.
Neural machine translation - Neural machine translation, or NMT, uses neural networks to produce a translation from one human language into another.
Newline character - A newline character is a control character used to mark a line boundary in text.
Noisy-or - Noisy-or is a probabilistic model in which any one of several active causes can produce an effect, but each cause may independently fail to do so.
Noisy text analytics - Noisy text analytics is the analysis of text whose spelling, formatting, segmentation, or other characteristics differ from the conventions expected by a...
Non-capturing group - A non-capturing group is a regular-expression group that organizes part of a pattern without assigning that group a captured substring.
Non-native speech database - A non-native speech database is an organized collection of recordings from people speaking a language they acquired beyond their first-language background...
Non-terminal symbols - Non-terminal symbols are grammar symbols that represent categories or intermediate structures and can be expanded by production rules.
Noun - A noun is a grammatical word class whose members commonly refer to people, places, objects, events, substances, or abstract concepts.
Noun phrase - A noun phrase is a grammatical constituent that behaves as a nominal unit, often built around a noun with optional determiners, modifiers, or complements.
Nyquist frequency - Definition: The Nyquist frequency is half a signal's sampling rate. For a recording sampled 16,000 times per second, it is 8,000 hertz.
Ontology learning - Ontology learning is the automatic or partly automatic development of a structured domain model from data.
Open class - Definition: An open class is a grammatical category that readily admits new words.
Open information extraction - Open information extraction is a natural-language processing task that extracts relationships from text without requiring a fixed list of relation types in...
Open-weight - Definition: Open-weight describes an AI model whose trained numerical parameters are made available for others to obtain and use with suitable software.
Operation list - Definition: In string comparison, an operation list is an ordered description of edits that transform one sequence into another.
Operator precedence - Definition: Operator precedence is the set of rules that determines how an expression is grouped when it contains different operators.
Optical braille recognition - Optical braille recognition is the process of recognizing braille from an image and converting the recognized patterns into a digital representation.
Palatal sound - Definition: A palatal sound is a speech sound whose primary constriction is formed with the front of the tongue body near or against the hard palate.
Palato-alveolar sound - Definition: A palato-alveolar sound is a speech sound produced with the tongue blade forming a constriction just behind the alveolar ridge, typically with a...
Parse tree - A parse tree is a tree-shaped representation of a grammatical analysis.
PARSEVAL - PARSEVAL is a family of measures for evaluating constituency parses by comparing their constituent boundaries, and commonly their labels, with a reference...
Parsing - Parsing is the process of analyzing an expression's structure according to a grammar or structural model.
Part of speech - A part of speech is a grammatical category used to describe a word's characteristic behavior, such as noun, verb, adjective, or adverb.
Part-of-speech tagging - Part-of-speech tagging is the task of assigning grammatical category labels to words in context, using a defined tagset.