Formal logic - Formal logic is the study and use of precisely defined languages and rules for reasoning.
Forward-backward algorithm - The forward-backward algorithm computes the probability distribution of each hidden state in a sequence after considering observations from the whole sequence.
Forward-chaining - Forward-chaining is a reasoning strategy that starts from known facts and repeatedly applies rules whose conditions are satisfied, adding their conclusions.
Forward checking - Forward checking is a constraint-solving technique that removes incompatible choices from unassigned variables after a variable receives a value.
Forward propagation - Forward propagation, or a forward pass, is the process of evaluating a neural network from its inputs through intermediate computations to its outputs.
Forward pruning - Forward pruning is a selective search strategy that skips branches judged unlikely to influence the final decision before fully establishing that they are...
Fractional cascading - Fractional cascading is a data-structuring technique that speeds up searching for the same key across multiple related sorted lists.
Frame problem - The frame problem is the challenge of representing what stays unchanged when an action occurs without explicitly listing every unaffected property for every...
Framing effect - The framing effect is a change in judgment or preference caused by how substantially equivalent information is presented.
Free space - Free space is the set of configurations in which a robot or moving object satisfies the modeled collision and configuration constraints.
Friendly AI - Friendly AI is a research concept for designing powerful artificial intelligence so that its goals and behavior remain beneficial to people.
Fringe search - Fringe Search is a heuristic pathfinding algorithm that processes a stored search frontier using an increasing cost threshold.
Front-to-end - Front-to-end describes a bidirectional heuristic-search approach in which each search estimates distance to its opposite fixed endpoint.
Front-to-front - Front-to-front describes bidirectional heuristic search that uses estimated distances between states on opposing search frontiers.
Frontier - A frontier is the collection of search nodes that have been discovered and are waiting to be selected for further exploration.
Function approximator - A function approximator is a model that represents an estimated relationship between inputs and outputs.
Functional presence engine - A functional presence engine, or FPE, is a historical term for a text-processing and response mechanism described in a family of data-disambiguation patents.
Futility pruning - Futility pruning is a game-tree search heuristic that skips selected continuations when a static evaluation plus an improvement allowance appears...
Fuzzy associative matrix - A fuzzy associative matrix is a table that associates combinations of fuzzy input categories with output categories or actions.
Fuzzy classification - Fuzzy classification assigns an object a degree of membership in one or more classes, rather than requiring every class decision to be simply yes or no.
Fuzzy control - Fuzzy control is a control approach that uses fuzzy sets and rules to turn observations of a process into control actions.
Fuzzy control system - A fuzzy control system is an arrangement that uses a fuzzy-logic controller to influence a process, together with the measurements, interfaces and other...
Fuzzy differential inclusion - A fuzzy differential inclusion models change when the admissible rate of change is described by a fuzzy set.
Fuzzy electronics - Fuzzy electronics is the implementation of fuzzy-logic operations in electronic hardware, including dedicated analog, digital or mixed-signal circuits.
Fuzzy finite element - Fuzzy finite element analysis combines finite element modeling with fuzzy descriptions of uncertain inputs.
Fuzzy logic - Fuzzy logic is an approach to reasoning that allows graded truth or satisfaction rather than only true and false.
Fuzzy measure theory - Fuzzy measure theory studies monotone set functions that need not be additive, together with ways to combine or integrate information using them.
Fuzzy number - A fuzzy number is a fuzzy set on the real line that represents a numerical quantity through graded membership.
Fuzzy relation - A fuzzy relation assigns a membership grade to each relevant combination of objects.
Fuzzy routing - Fuzzy routing applies fuzzy-logic methods to decisions about paths or next hops in a communication network.
Fuzzy rule - A fuzzy rule is an if-then statement that connects graded input conditions to an output consequence.
Fuzzy set operations - Fuzzy set operations combine or transform fuzzy sets by operating on their membership grades.
Fuzzy set theory - Fuzzy set theory is the mathematical study of sets whose elements can belong by degree.
G-set - The G-set is the general boundary of a version space in concept learning.
Gain parameter - A gain parameter is a coefficient that scales a signal or a component of a system's response.
Gain ratio - Gain ratio is a decision-tree split criterion that divides information gain by the split information of the candidate test.
Game theory - Game theory studies situations in which the outcome for each decision-maker depends on choices made by others as well as their own.
Game tree - A game tree represents the possible sequences of decisions in a game.
Gaussian process - A Gaussian process is a collection of random variables for which every finite collection has a joint Gaussian distribution.
Generalization hierarchy - A generalization hierarchy organizes concepts or descriptions from more specific to more general.
Generalization loss - Generalization loss is a model's expected loss on examples drawn from the target data distribution.
Generalized modus ponens - Generalized modus ponens is a first-order logic inference rule that derives a conclusion when known facts match all premises of an implication under a...
Genetic algorithms - Genetic algorithms are population-based search methods inspired by biological evolution.
Genetic programming - Genetic programming is an evolutionary computation approach that searches for programs or executable expressions.
Gestalt pattern matching - Gestalt pattern matching, also called Ratcliff/Obershelp pattern recognition, is a string-similarity approach that finds matching contiguous blocks and...
Gittins index - The Gittins index is a priority value for an individual option, or arm, in a classical discounted multi-armed bandit problem.
GLIE - GLIE stands for greedy in the limit with infinite exploration.