Relaxed sequential - Relaxed sequential describes a parallel-programming approach in which parallel execution is an opportunity for acceleration rather than a requirement for...
Relvar - A relvar, short for relation variable, is a variable whose value is a relation.
Remote procedure call - A remote procedure call (RPC) is a way for a program to request execution of an operation in another process, often on another computer, through an...
Research data archiving - Research data archiving is the managed preservation of research data and the information needed to understand and reuse them over time.
Retention period - A retention period is the length of time information or records must or should be kept under an applicable retention rule.
Retrievability - Retrievability describes how readily a particular document can appear in the results produced by an information retrieval system.
Reverse data management - Reverse data management starts with a desired result or condition and asks what changes to underlying data would produce it.
Reverse star schema - A reverse star schema is a subject-centered database organization in which a focal entity, such as a customer, connects to multiple kinds of activity or...
Round-tripping (computer science) - Round-tripping in computer science means taking information through a transformation and back to its original representation or system, then checking what...
Savepoint - A savepoint is a named position inside a database transaction to which the application can roll back some later work without necessarily abandoning the...
Scan Operation - A scan operation is a database execution operation that obtains rows or other records from a data source for use by a query.
Schema - A schema is a description of how data is organized and constrained.
Schema crosswalk - A schema crosswalk documents how elements in one metadata or data schema correspond to elements in another.
Schema matching - Schema matching is the process of identifying meaningful correspondences between elements of different schemas.
Schema migration - Schema migration is a controlled change to the structure of a database, such as adding a table, renaming a column, changing a data type, or introducing a...
Second normal form (2NF) - Second normal form, abbreviated 2NF, is a relational database design condition.
Semantic data model - A semantic data model describes what data represents, including the concepts, relationships, and rules needed to interpret it in a domain.
Semantic heterogeneity - Semantic heterogeneity is variation in the meaning or interpretation of data across sources that appear to describe related things.
Semantic integration - Semantic integration connects information from different sources while explicitly addressing how their concepts and values relate in meaning.
Semantic interoperability - Semantic interoperability is the ability of systems to exchange information and use it with a sufficiently consistent understanding of its meaning.
Semantic knowledge management - Semantic knowledge management uses explicit concepts, relationships, and metadata to help an organization organize, find, interpret, and maintain its...
Semantic network - A semantic network represents knowledge as a graph of nodes connected by meaningful relationships.
Semantic parameterization - Semantic parameterization is a requirements-modeling process for translating natural-language domain descriptions into explicit concepts and relationships...
Semantic query - A semantic query asks for information using explicitly represented concepts and relationships, potentially including conclusions supported by a domain model.
Semantic reasoner - A semantic reasoner is software that derives conclusions or checks logical properties from explicitly represented knowledge and its formal rules.
Semantic similarity network - A semantic similarity network represents items as nodes and meaningful similarity relationships as connections, often with numerical weights.
Semantic translation - Semantic translation transforms information from one conceptual representation into another while aiming to preserve its intended meaning.
Semantic triple - A semantic triple expresses a statement as three parts: subject, predicate, and object.
Semaphore (programming) - A semaphore is a synchronization mechanism that controls access to a limited number of permits or signals the availability of something between concurrent...
Semi-structured data - Semi-structured data has recognizable organization, such as keys, tags, nested objects, or metadata, while allowing records to vary in their fields or...
Sequentially ordered organization - Sequentially ordered organization is a file or storage organization in which records follow a defined ordering field or combination of fields.
Serverless computing - Serverless computing is a service model in which a provider manages the underlying server infrastructure while users deploy application code or use managed...
Service principal - A service principal is a security identity used to represent a service or application when it accesses protected resources.
Session (web analytics) - A session in web analytics groups a user's recorded interactions with a website or app into a period of activity according to the analytics system's rules.
Set-oriented approach - A set-oriented approach expresses a data operation in terms of a collection of qualifying records rather than directing application code to handle each...
Shared memory - Shared memory is memory that more than one execution context, such as threads or processes, can access.
Shared snapshot objects - Shared snapshot objects are concurrent data structures that let processes update components and obtain a coherent view of the components together.
Simulation decomposition - Simulation decomposition, often called SimDec, is an uncertainty and sensitivity analysis approach that explains an output distribution by separating it...
Simultaneous and heterogeneous multithreading - Simultaneous and heterogeneous multithreading, abbreviated SHMT, is a research approach to using different kinds of processing hardware concurrently within...
Single customer view - A single customer view is a coherent representation of a customer assembled from relevant records across systems or channels.
Single-instance storage - Single-instance storage stores one physical instance of identical content while allowing several logical objects or references to use it.
Single instruction, multiple threads - Single instruction, multiple threads, or SIMT, is an execution model in which a group of threads can execute a common instruction while each thread works...
Single source of truth - A single source of truth is an agreed authoritative source or governed access point for a particular set of information.
Single version of the truth - A single version of the truth is a governed, consistently defined view of data that people agree to use for a specified reporting or decision purpose.
Sink (pipelines) - A sink is the destination stage or component to which a data pipeline writes its output.
Sky computing - Sky computing is a vision of using resources across cloud providers through a more unified layer that can place workloads according to requirements and...
Skyline operator - A skyline operator returns the records that are not dominated by another record across a chosen set of preference dimensions.
Small data - Small data refers to data of a limited, manageable scale in its context.