3D body scanning - 3D body scanning captures the external shape of a person's body as three-dimensional data, often a point cloud or surface mesh.
3D model - A 3D model is a digital representation of an object's shape or a scene's spatial structure in three dimensions.
3D reconstruction from multiple images - 3D reconstruction from multiple images estimates a scene's three-dimensional structure by combining photographs taken from different viewpoints.
3D scanning - 3D scanning is the process of capturing an object's or environment's geometry as three-dimensional measurements.
8-point algorithm - The 8-point algorithm estimates the fundamental matrix relating two camera views from at least eight corresponding image points.
Adaptive filtering - Adaptive filtering uses a filter whose parameters change in response to observed data or an error signal.
Adaptive histogram equalization - Adaptive histogram equalization, or AHE, is an image contrast method that uses the brightness distribution around each location to adjust pixel values.
Adaptive Homogeneity-Directed (AHD) demosaicking - Adaptive Homogeneity-Directed demosaicking, usually abbreviated AHD, is a method for reconstructing full-color images from a color filter array.
Adaptive sharpening - Adaptive sharpening increases the apparent clarity of image detail while varying its strength according to local image conditions.
Additive color - Additive color is the production of color by combining light.
Affine bilateral grid (HDRnet) - An affine bilateral grid in HDRnet stores local color-transformation coefficients in a compact grid indexed by image position and a guidance value.
Affine transformation - An affine transformation maps coordinates using a linear transformation followed by a translation.
Affinity - In image processing, affinity is a numerical weight describing how strongly two pixels or image elements should influence one another.
Age progression - Age progression is the creation of an image showing how a person's appearance might change as they become older.
Airlight - Airlight is light scattered by the atmosphere into the camera's line of sight.
Alpha channel - An alpha channel is an image channel that stores information used to control a pixel's opacity or coverage during compositing.
Alpha-expansion - Alpha-expansion is an optimization method for assigning one of several labels to each element, such as a pixel.
Alpha matte - An alpha matte is a per-pixel map of how much a foreground contributes to a composite image.
Anisotropic diffusion - Anisotropic diffusion is a family of image-processing methods that smooth an image according to its local structure, aiming to reduce small fluctuations...
Anisotropic filtering - Anisotropic filtering is a texture-sampling technique that accounts for unequal scaling in different directions.
Apparent contour - An apparent contour is the image-plane projection of a surface's contour generator: locations where the viewing direction lies in the surface's tangent plane.
Articulated body pose estimation - Articulated body pose estimation estimates the arrangement of connected body parts, such as the joints and limbs of a person, from images or other sensor data.
Aspect ratio - Aspect ratio is the proportional relationship between width and height.
Automatic white balance (AWB) - Automatic white balance, or AWB, estimates the color influence of scene illumination and adjusts an image's color balance accordingly.
Autoregressive image model - An autoregressive image model represents an image as an ordered sequence and predicts each element using previously available elements.
B-frame - A B-frame is a video picture that supports bidirectional or bi-predictive coding, using reference information to predict image content efficiently.
B-rep - B-rep, short for boundary representation, describes a three-dimensional shape through its boundary elements and how they connect.
Background subtraction - Background subtraction is a computer-vision technique that identifies image regions differing from an estimated background scene.
Banding - Banding is the appearance of visible steps or stripes in a region that should change smoothly in brightness or color.
Barycentric coordinates - Barycentric coordinates describe a point as a weighted combination of reference vertices.
Bayer pattern - A Bayer pattern is a repeating arrangement of red, green and blue color filters over a single image sensor.
Bayesian filtering - Bayesian filtering is a recursive method for estimating a changing hidden state from noisy observations.
Beier - Neely field warping - Beier - Neely field warping is an image-deformation method controlled by corresponding line segments.
Belief revision - Belief revision is the systematic change of a set of accepted statements when new information arrives, especially when that information conflicts with...
Bessel's correction - Bessel's correction replaces division by n with division by n − 1 when estimating a population variance from n observations using their sample mean.
Bhattacharyya distance - Bhattacharyya distance measures dissimilarity between probability distributions by taking the negative logarithm of their Bhattacharyya coefficient, a...
Bicubic - Bicubic interpolation estimates image values between sampled locations using cubic functions in two dimensions.
Bidirectional similarity - Bidirectional similarity is an image-comparison objective that checks patch matches in both directions between a source and a result.
Bilateral filtering - Bilateral filtering is an edge-preserving smoothing method that weights neighboring pixels by both spatial closeness and similarity in value.
Bilateral grid - A bilateral grid is a data structure that organizes image information by both pixel location and a guiding value, such as brightness.
Bilinear interpolation - Bilinear interpolation estimates a value between four neighboring samples on a rectangular grid by interpolating in two directions.
Bilinear transform - The bilinear transform is a mathematical substitution used to convert a continuous-time filter description into a discrete-time filter.
Binary decision - A binary decision is a choice between two defined alternatives, such as yes or no, accept or reject, or object present or absent.
Binary image - A binary image is an image whose pixels have only two possible values.
Binocular disparity - Binocular disparity is the difference between the positions of corresponding scene features in two views taken from separated viewpoints.
Binocular stereopsis - Binocular stereopsis is the perception of depth from differences between the images received by the two eyes.